1. Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
2. Shevchenko Transnistria State University, 3300, Tiraspol, Moldova
3. Institute of Physiology and Sanocreatology, MD-2028, Chisinau, Moldova
4. Scientifi c Research Center “Probiocode SP”, 143026, Moscow, Russian Federation
5. First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia

Keywords: antibiotics, isolated intestinal loop, absorption, monosaccharides, isolated heart, infarct size

Abstract: Aim: we aimed to study the effect of the mixture of three broad-spectrum antimicrobials (amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, AMC) on monosaccharide absorption in the isolated intestinal loop and on myocardial tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Materials and Methods: experiments were performed on adult male Wistar rats housed in conventional area. Glucose and fructose absorption was studied in the model of in situ isolated intestinal loop according to Thiry-Vella after administration of AMC into the intestinal lumen. Isolated heart studies were done using modified Landendorff setup after oral treatment of the animals with AMC. Results: AMC significantly inhibited glucose absorption in the isolated intestinal loop, mainly due to pronounced reduction of active, sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1-mediated transport. AMC also caused inhibition of fructose absorption. The animals treated with AMC showed decreased systolic pressure in the left ventricle up to 20% upon reperfusion, decreased pressure in the left ventricle during global ischemia (by 33-500%), increased coronary flow by 28-82%, and also insignificant trend to greater infarct size. Conclusion: AMC-induced inhibition of glucose and fructose absorption provides evidence for the existence of rapid changes in nutrient absorption, mainly due to inhibition of active transport. AMC treatment also resulted in deterioration of morphological and functional parameters of the isolated heart. The data obtained warrant further studies on the antibiotic-induced associated changes in enterocytes and cardiomyocytes.

• References total 26 ⇓ :: .
  1. Thiemann S., Smit N., Strowig T. Antibiotics and the Intestinal Microbiome: Individual Responses, Resilience of the Ecosystem, and the Susceptibility to Infections.// Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2016, № 398, Р. 123-146.
  2. Postler T. S., Ghosh S. Understanding the holobiont: how microbial metabolites affect human health and shape the immune system. Cell Metab. 2017, Vol. 26, Р. 110-130.
  3. Averina O. V., Ermolenko E. I., Ratushniy A. Y., et al. Influence of probiotics on cytokine production in the in vitro and in vivo systems. Medical Immunology (Russia). 2015;17(5):443-454. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-2015-5-443-454
  4. Alcalde A. I., Barcina Y., Ilundain A., Larralde J. Effect of amoxicillin on galactose transport across rat small intestine. Drug Nutr Interact. 1987 - Vol. 5, № 2, P. 71-9.
  5. Sanyal S. N., Jamba L., Channan M. Effect of the antiprotozoal agent metronidazole (Flagyl) on absorptive and digestive functions of the rat intestine.Ann Nutr Metab. 1992, Vol. 36 № 4, P. 235-43.
  6. Yihong Qiu, Yisheng Chen, Geoff G. Z. et al. «ed». Developing Solid Oral Dosage Forms. Pharmaceutical Theory and Practice, 2nd Edition, Amsterdam: Аcademic Press, 2017, Р. 1176.
  7. Ugolev A. M., Zaripov B. Z. Metodicheskiye priyemy dlya izucheniya membrannogo pishchevareniya i vsasyvaniya v tonkoy kishke v usloviyakh khronicheskogo eksperimenta na krysakh i nekotorykh drugikh zhivotnykh [Methodologic approaches to studying membrane digestion and absorption in the small intestine during chronic experiments on rats and certain other animals]. Fiziologicheskiy zhurnal SSSR - Physiological Journal of the USSR. 1979, no. 12, pp. 1850-1854.
  8. Ugolev A. M., Zaripov B. Z., Iyezuitova N. N. et al. Osobennosti membrannogo gidroliza i transporta v tonkoy kishke v usloviyakh, blizkikh k fiziologicheskim [Particularities of membrane digestion and transport in the small intestine under physiological conditions]. Biologicheskiye membrany - Biological Membranes, 1984, T.1, no. 10, pp. 997-1018.
  9. Gromova L. V., Kuznetsov V. L., Gruzdkov A. A., Vershinina E. A. Vsasyvaniye glyukozy i galaktozy v tonkoy kishke krys in vivo [Glucose and galactose absorption in the small intestine of rats in vivo] Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova - Journal of Physiology of I.M. Sechenov, 1996, vol. 82, no. 3, pp. 46-56.
  10. Fischer J., Chromy V., Voznicek J. Enzymatic determination of glucose. I. Method and optimal reaction conditions. Biochemia clinica Bohemoslovaca. 1981, Vol. 10, №. 1, Р. 41-45.
  11. Ugolev A. M., Iyezuitova N. N. Issledovaniye pishchevaritel'nogo apparata u cheloveka (obzor sovremennykh metodov) [Research of human digestive system (modern methods review)]. Leningrad, Nauka,1969. pp. 192-194.
  12. Korolev D. V., Alexandrov I. V., Galagoudza M. M., Syrensky A. V. et al. Automation of data acquisition and processing in physiological experiments. Regional blood circulation and microcirculation. 2008;7(2):79-84. (Russ)
  13. Minasian S. M., Badrikhanova L. R., Galagudza Ì. Ì., Kurapeev D. I. Comparative assessment of the protective effect of hypothermia, ischemic precondi-tioning and modified cardioplegic solutions against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the isolated rat heart. Regional blood circulation and microcirculation. 2008;7(26):72-78. (Russ)
  14. Karasov W. H. Integrative physiology of transcellular and paracellular intestinal absorption. J. Exp. Biol. 2017, Vol. 220, №. Pt 14, Р. 2495-2501.
  15. Kelett G. L. Sugar absorption in the intestine: the role of GLUT2. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 2008, Vol. 28, P. 35-54 doi: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.28.061807.155518
  16. Patel C., Douard V., Yu S. et al. Transport, metabolism, and endosomal trafficking-dependent regulation of intestinal fructose absorption. FASEB J. 2015, Vol. 29, №.9, Р. 4046-4058.
  17. Poulsen S. B., Fenton R. A., Timo R. Sodium-glucose cotransport. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 2015, Vol. 24, №. 5, Р. 463-469.
  18. Pappenheimer J. R, Michel C. C. Role of villus microcirculation in intestinal absorption of glucose: coupling of epithelial with endothelial transport. J. Physio. 2003, № 1, Р. 561-574.
  19. Wright E. M, Loo D. D., Hirayama B. A. Biology of human sodium glucose transporters. Physiol Rev. 2011, Vol. 91, №. 2, P. 733-794
  20. Borshcev Yu. Yu., Minasian S. M., Burovenko I. Yu., et al. Influence of probiotic straine. Faecium L3 on myocardial tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury in the modelof antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis. Russian Journal of Physiology. 2016;102(11):1323-1332. (Russ)
  21. Gromova L. V., Borshchev Yu. Yu., Ermolenko E. I., et al. Influence of antimicrobial drugs on intestinal digestive enzymes of rats. Vestnik St. Petersburg University. 2012, no. 3, pp. 161-170.
  22. Borshchov Yu. Yu., Gromova L. V., Ermolenko E. I., et al. Responses of peptide hydrolases of the small and largeintestines in rats on the administration of antibiotics. Russian Journal of Physiology. 2012;98(6):724-733. (Russ)
  23. Lam V., Su J., Hsu A., et al. Intestinal Microbial Metabolites Are Linked to Severity of Myocardial Infarction in Rats. PLoS One. 2016, 11(8): e0160840. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160840.
  24. Zhu H, Sun X, Wang D, Hu N, Zhang Y. Doxycycline ameliorates aggregation of collagen and atrial natriuretic peptide in murine post-infarction heart. Eur J Pharmacol. 2015, P. 66-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.02.026.
  25. Borshchev Yu. Yu., Sinitsa A. V., Zakharchenko M. M., et al. Effect of Antiobiotic-Induced Disbiosis and Its Correction with Probiotics on Myocardial Tolerance to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in SPF Rats. Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 166, No. 10, pp. 426-430
  26. Borshchev Yu. Yu., Minasian S. M., Burovenko I. Yu., et al. Antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis and myocardial tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats with different microbiological status. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2018;158(10): 62-67. DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-158-10-62-67

Full text is published :
Burovenko I. Yu., Borshchev Yu. Yu., Minasian S. M., Protsak E. S., Sheptitskii V. A., Galagudza M. M. The study of absorption of monosaccharides in the isolated intestine and resistance of the myocardium to ischemia-reperfusion in rats after administration of antimicrobial agents. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2019;163(3): 43–50. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-163-3-43-50
Read & Download full text

1. “Gamaleya National Research Centre for Microbiology and Immunology”, Ministry of Public Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
2. “Kinetika Co., Ltd”, Moscow, Russia
3. “Sechenov The First Moscow Medical University”, Ministry of Public Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
4. “Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State Research University)”, Moscow, Russia

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, cold plasma, bactericidal effect

Abstract: Medicinal liver damage (LPP) is one of the main undesirable effects of pharmacotherapy. The emergence of new drugs on the pharmaceutical market, an increase in the number of LPP caused by herbal preparations and biologically active additives, as well as the expansion of the market for immunobiological drugs, make drugs the most important etiological factors for liver damage. For timely diagnosis of LPP, it is necessary to take into account the totality of risk factors, among which, in recent years, significant attention has been paid to biomarkers. The choice of tactics for the management of a patient with LPP is determined by the nature and severity of the disease, the characteristics of the use of a potentially hepatotoxic drug and the individual characteristics of the patient. The appointment of drugs with high hepatotoxic potential sometimes requires a preventive prescription of pathogenetic agents. When using drugs with low hepatotoxic potential, individual monitoring of biochemical parameters is recommended.

• References total 34 ⇓ :: .
  1. Hooi J.K.Y., Lai W. Y., Ng W. K. et al. Global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology. 2017;153(2):420-429. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.04.022
  2. Salama N.R., Hartung M. L., Müller A. Life in the human stomach: persistence strategies of the bacterial pathogen Helicobacter pylori. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2013;11(6):385-399. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3016
  3. Waskito L.A., Salama N. R., Yamaoka Y. Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter. 2018;23(Suppl.1: e12516). https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12516
  4. Venerito M., Vasapolli R., Rokkas T., Malfertheiner P. Gastric cancer: epidemiology, prevention, and therapy. Helicobacter. 2018;23(Suppl.1: e12518). https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12518
  5. Current European concept in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. The Maastricht consensus report. The European Helicobacter pylori study group (EHPSG). Gut. 1997; 41(1):8-13.
  6. Malfertheiner P., Megraud F., O’Morain C.A. et al. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection - the Maastricht V / Florence Consensus report. Gut. 2017;66(1):6-30. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312288
  7. O’Morain N.R., Dore M. P., O’Connor A.J.P. et al. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in 2018. Helicobacter. 2018;23(Suppl.1: e12519). https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12519
  8. Lin T-F., Hsu P. I. Second-line rescue treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: Where are we now? World J. Gastroenterol. 2018;24(40):4548-4553. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v24.i40.4548
  9. Graham D.Y., Fischbach L. Helicobacter pylori treatment in the era of increasing antibiotic resistance. Gut. 2010;59(8):1143-1153. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.2009.192757
  10. Hathroubi S. et al. Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation and its potential role in pathogenesis. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2018;82(2): pii: e00001-18. https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00001-18
  11. Konstantinova N. D., Zhukhovitsky V. G., Didenko L. V., Andreevskaya S. G. Ultrastructural organization of Helicobacter pylori in natural conditions and under cultivation ex vivo. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2001;131(3):353-356.
  12. Bjorkholm B., Zhukhovitsky V., Lofman C. et al. Helicobacter pylori entry into human gastric epithelial cells: a potential determinant of virulence, persistence, and treatment failures. Helicobacter. 2000;5(3):148-154.
  13. Zhukhovitsky V. G., Kholina E. G., Strakhovskaya M. G. Helicobacter pylori photodynamic inactivation in vitro with zinc octakis (cholinyl) phthalocyanine. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2018;154(06):10-15. DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-154-6-10-15
  14. Ogasawara K. Helicobacter pylori eradication using a light-emitting diode and methylene blue. Laser. Ther. 2018;27(1):21-25. https://doi.org/10.5978/islsm.18-OR-01
  15. Losurdo G., Cubisino R., Barone M. et al. Probiotic monotherapy and Helicobacter pylori eradication: a systematic review with pooled-data analysis. World J. Gastroenterol. 2018;24(1):139-149. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v24.i1.139
  16. Isbary G., Shimizu T., Li Y. F. et al. Cold atmospheric plasma devices for medical issues. Expert Rev. Med. Devices. 2013;10(3):367-377. https://doi.org/10.1586/erd.13.4.
  17. Sysolyatina E.V. et al. Role of the charged particles in bacterial inactivation by plasma of a positive and negative corona in ambient air. Plasma Processes and Polymers. 2014;11:315-334.
  18. Ermolaeva S.A. et al. Prospects for the use of low-temperature gas plasma as an antimicrobial agent. Vestn. Ross. Akad. Med. Nauk. 2011;10:15-21.
  19. Ermolaeva S.A. et al. Bactericidal effects of non-thermal argon plasma in vitro, in biofilms and in the animal model of infected wounds. J. Med. Microbiol. 2011;60:75-83. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.020263-0.
  20. Bourke P., Ziuzina D., Han L. et.al. Microbiological interactions with cold plasma. J. Appl. Microbiol. 2017;123(2):308-324. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.13429.
  21. Zhukhovitsky V. G. Microbiological diagnosis of helicobacteriosis. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2008;08:34-45
  22. Schmidt A., Woedtke T. V., Stenzel J. et al. One year follow-up risk assessment in SKH-1 mice and wounds treated with an argon plasma jet. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017;18(4): pii: E868. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18040868
  23. Bedwell J., Holton J., Vaira D. et al. In vitro killing of Helicobacter pylori with photodynamic therapy. Lancet. 1990;335:1287.
  24. Okamoto T., Nishikawa J., Yanai H. et al. In vitro bactericidal effects of near-ultraviolet light from light-emitting diodes on Helicobacter pylori. Scand. J. Gastroenterol.2013;48:1484-1486. https://doi.org/10.3109/00365521.2013.837953.
  25. Lembo A.J., Ganz R. A., Sheth S. et al. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection with intra-gastric violet light phototherapy: a pilot clinical trial. Lasers Surg. Med. 2009;4:337-344. https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.20770
  26. Ganz R. A., Viveiros J., Ahmad A. et al. Helicobacter pylori in patients can be killed by visible light. Lasers Surg. Med. 2005;36:260-265.
  27. Filatov V. V., Telyatnikova L. I., Dolgikh V. T. Argon-plasmatic coagulation as an alternative to operative intervention. Siberian Med. J. 2010;8:79-81.
  28. Winter J., Nishime T. M.C., Glitsch S. et al. On the development of a deployable cold plasma endoscope. Contrib. Plasma Phys. 2018; - P. 404-414. https://doi.org/10/1002/ctpp.201700127
  29. Hayes S.L., White K. M., Rodgers M. R. Assessment of the effectiveness of low-pressure UV light for inactivation of Helicobacter pylori. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2006;72(5):3763-3765. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.72.5.3763-3765/2006
  30. Wen Y., Scott D. R., Vagin O. et al. Measurement of internal pH in Helicobacter pylori by using green fluorescent protein Fluorimetry. J. Bacteriol. 2018;200(14): pii: e00178-18. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.00178-18
  31. Granger D.L., Lehninger A. L. Sites of inhibition of mitochondrial electron transport in macrophage-injured neoplastic cell. J. Cell Biol. 1982;95:527-535.
  32. Nakaki T., Nakayama M., Kato R. Inhibition by nitric oxide and nitric-oxide-producing vasodilators of DNA synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1990;189:347-353.
  33. Zhu L., Gunn C., Beckmann J. S. Bactericidal activity of peroxynitrite. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1992;298:452-457.
  34. Dykhuizen R.S., Fraser A., McKenzie H. et al. Helicobacter pylori is killed by nitrite under acidic conditions. Gut. 1998;42:334-337.

Full text is published :
Zhukhovitsky V. G., Kazakova M. V., Sysolyatina E. V., Loleit R. A., Lavrikova A. Ya., Sofronov A. V., Ermolaeva S. A. Bactericidal eff ect of low-temperature plasma against Helicobacter pylori in vitro. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2019;163(3): 51–57. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-163-3-51-57
Read & Download full text

1. Moscow Clinical Scientifi c practical Center named after A. S. Loginov, Department of health, city of Moscow, 111123, Moscow, Russia
2. “Research Center of Neurology”, Moscow, Russia
3. FGBOU VPO “Mordovian state University. N. P. Ogarev”, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia, Russia

Keywords: antiplatelet agents, aspirin, gastrointestinal ulcer, antioxidants, carnosine, rats

Abstract: Antiplatelet drugs are widely used for the prevention and treatment of vascular diseases of the heart and brain. The most popular drugs are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the first place among which still belongs to acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and its derivatives. However, along with high clinical efficacy according to target parameters, these drugs have side effects that lead to damage to the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract (GI). In order to eliminate the effects of damage to the gastrointestinal tract with the use of antiplatelet drugs, based on salicylic acid, using a natural dipeptide carnosine, a new compound was synthesized - salicyl-carnosine, which has an antiplatelet effect. A comparative study on carnosine, acetylsalicylic acid and salicyl-carnosine for the healing of ulcerative defect was carried out on the model of acetate gastric ulcer by Okabe. It was shown that salicyl-carnosine was more effective than carnosine both at the stage of ulcer formation (1-5 s) and at the stage of healing (5-10 s). Acetylsalicylic acid in the used model of gastric ulcer not only did not prevent the development of gastric ulcer, but also complicated the healing processes. The results indicate the possible prospects for the use of salicyl-carnosine as an antiplatelet drug in vascular pathologies (cardiac, Central nervous system, etc.), to avoid side effects associated with damage to the gastrointestinal tract, inherent in aspirin and other NSAIDs. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

• References total 16 ⇓ :: .
  1. Sergeev D. V., Tanashyan M. M., Piradov M. A. Antiagregantnaya terapiya pri ishemicheskom insul’te: problemy i perspektivy. RMZH Nevrologiya Psihiatriya. 2012, no.31, pp. 1536-1540.
  2. Domashenko M. A., Tanashyan M. M. Acetilsalicilovaya kislota v lechenii i profilaktike ishemicheskih narushenij mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniya. RMZH Nevrologiya Psihiatriya.2011, Vol.19, no 9, pp. 562-573.
  3. Frolov P. F., Gitik A. S., Normark P. R., Umans’ka S.B, Dikans’ka E.M., Markus I. M., Boguslavs’ka E.M., Sokolovs’ka N.I., Taratushkina K. K., Rozencvejg B. K., Vorobjov A. M., Ioselevich N. I. Eksperim. med. (ukr.). 1936, Vol. 2, pp. 65-78.
  4. Boldyrev A. A. Retrospectives and perspectives on the biological activity of histidine-containing dipeptides. Int. J. Biochem., 1990, 22, с. 129-132.
  5. Seiki M., Ueki S., Tanaka Y. et al. Studies on anti- ulcer effect of a new compound, zinc L- carnosine (Z- 103) // Nippon. Yakurigaku. Zasshi. 1990, Vol.95, № 5, P. 257-269.
  6. Trubicyna I. E., SHabanova M.E., CHikunova B.Z., SHavrackij V.H., Formazyuk V. B., Sergienko V. I., Stvolinskij S. L., Boldyrev A. A. Harakteristika protivoyazvennoj aktivnosti karnozina. Pat. fiziol. i ehksperim. terapiya. 1997, no.4, pp. 17-20.
  7. Ishikawa, M., Seiki, M., Ueki, S., Tanaka, Y., Soeda, M., Hori, Y., Tagashira, E. and Okabe, S.: Effect of a new compound, zinc L-carnosine (Z-103), on various gastric and duodenal lesions in rats. Japan. J. Pharmacol. 49 Supp. 190P (1989)
  8. Ito M, Tanaka Т., Suzuki Y. Effect of N-(3-aminopropionyl)-L-histidinato zinc (Z-103) on healing and hydrocortisone-induced relapse of acetic acid ulcers in rats with limited food-intake-time. Japan. J. Pharmacol, 1990, V.52, pp. 513-521.
  9. Matsukura, T., Takahashi, T., Nishimura, Y., Ohtani, T. Sawada, M., and Shibata, K. Characterization of crystalline L-carnosine An (II) complex (Z-103), a novel anti-gastric ulcer agent: tautomeric change of imidazole moiety upon complexation. Chem Pharm Bull. 1990;38:3140-3146.
  10. Cho С. М., Luk С. Т., Ogle С. W. The membrane-stabilizing action of zinc carnosine (Z-103) in stress-induced gastric ulceration in rats. Life Sci, 1991, V.49, pp. 189-194
  11. Takagi, K., Okabe, S. and Saziki, R.: A new method for the production of chronic gastric ulcer in rats and the effect of several drugs on its healing. Japan. J. Pharmacol. 19, 418-426 (1969)
  12. Okabe S., Pfeiffer C. Effects of propantheline bromide and milk plus cheese on healing of chronic gastric ulcers in rats// Am. j. Dig, Diseases. 1973, V. 18, P. 746-754,
  13. Kerola M, Vuolteenaho K, Kosonen O, Kankaanranta H, Sarna S, Moilanen E. Effects of nimesulide, acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen and nabumetone on cyclooxygenase-1- and cyclooxygenase-2-mediated prostanoid production in healthy volunteers ex vivo. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2009 Jan;104(1):17-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00332
  14. Watari I., Oka S., Tanaka Sh., Aoyama T., Imagawa H., Shishido T., Yoshida Sh. and Chayama K. Effectiveness of polaprezinc for lowdose aspirin-induced small-bowel mucosal injuries as evaluated by capsule endoscopy: a pilot randomized controlled study. BMC Gastroenterology 2013 13:108. doi:10.1186/1471-230X-13-108
  15. Mahmood A, A J FitzGerald, T Marchbank, E Ntatsaki, D Murray, S Ghosh, R J Playford. Zinc carnosine, a health food supplement that stabilises small bowel integrity and stimulates gut repair processes. Gut 2007; 56:168-175. doi: 10.1136/gut.2006.099929
  16. Nikitenko N. Yu., Shavratsky V. Kh., Boldyrev A. A., et al. Effect of carnosine and its derivative on the ADP-induced aggregation of human trombocytes. Voprosy Meditsinskoy Khimii, 1995, V.41, no. 1, pp.562-573.

Full text is published :
Trubitsyna I. E., Stvolinsky S. L., Kulikova O. I., Fedorova T. N., Tarasova T. B., Efremov L. I., Mikhailova S. F., Varvanina G. G. Protective effect of the new compound — salicyl-carnosine — on the formation of chronic acetate gastric ulcer in rats. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2019;163(3):58–64. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-163-3-58-64
Read & Download full text

1. Republican Specialized Scientifi c and Practical Medical of Pediatrics, 100174 Tashkent, Uzbetkistan
2. Center of Advanced Technologies under the Ministry of Innovation Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 100174 Tashkent, Uzbetkistan

Keywords: Chronic enteral insuffi ency, oxidative phosphorylation, mytochondria, phytoecdysteroid, ecdysten

Abstract: Aim.To study the state of oxidative phosphorylation in a model of chronic enteral insufficiency in the growing rats and to assess the effectiveness of ecdystene in their correction. Materials and methods. Laboratory white mongrel rats were used in the experiments. The animals were divided into 3 groups. 1 group - healthy animals (control). Group 2 - animals on a diet poor in protein (chronic malnutrition), group 3 - animals that received as a corrective drug ecdysthene. Mitochondria were isolated from the liver of 40-day-old rats by differential centrifugation. The parameters of oxidative phosphorylation, respiration rate of isolated mitochondria in the metabolic state V4 and V3, as well as the values of respiratory control and ADP / O were determined. Results. Treatment of rats with protein deficiency for 10 days with the drug ecdystene resulted in a significant increase in the body weight of the rats - an average of 45.5% - and by the 10th day of treatment this value was 71% of the values in the control group (P <0.01). In the group of animals that were on a diet poor in proteins, the oxidative phosphorylation parameters were significantly reduced. The rate of oxygen consumption by the mitochondrial suspension in the functional state of V3 and V4 in sick animals was almost half that in control animals. Respiratory control, in the group of sick animals was reduced by 20%. The ratio of ADP / O was also reduced and was 2.5 vs 2.8 in the control group. When using a corrective ecdystene preparation as a quality, the V3 state was 93.72, V4 was 15.62, and Vdnf was 109.34 ng at O / min / mg protein (P <0.001). The value of the respiratory control was also close to the control and was 6, and the ratio of ADP / O even slightly exceeded the control value and was 3.03 (P <0.05). Сonclusion. We detected a pronounced disconnection of the respiratory chain in the mitochondrial suspension when the animals were kept on a diet poor in proteins and also had a bright corrective effect in the ecdystene. The therapeutic effect of ecdysten revealed its pronounced ability to correct manifestations of chronic enteric insufficiency in growing rats.

• References total 18 ⇓ :: .
  1. Popova T. S., SHestopalov A.E., Tamazashvili T.SH., Lejderman I. N. Nutritivnaya podderzhka bol’nyh v kriticheskih sostoyaniyah [Nutritional support for critically ill patients]. M. OOO «Izdat.dom «M-Vesti», 2002.-320 p., pic.36.
  2. Chubarova Ai, Mukhina Y. G., Slabuka N. V., Lysikov Yu. A. Morphological indicators of different intestinal departments in children of the first year of life in postrescent syndrome. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology Journal. 2010, no.1, pp. 64-70/
  3. Alyamovskaya G. A., Zolkina I. V., Keshishyan E. S. Vtorichnaya karnitinovaya nedostatochnost’ u nedonoshennyh detej s massoj tela pri rozhdenii menee 1500 g. v patogeneze ehnergeticheskogo deficita na pervom-vtorom godu zhizni i vozmozhnosti ee korrekcii. [Secondary carnitine deficiency in premature babies with birth weight less than 1500, in the pathogenesis of energy deficit in the first or second year of life and the possibility of its correction]. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics). 2012;4(2):126-131.
  4. Bel’skih EH. S. Sovremennye predstavleniya o patogeneze i podhodah k korrekcii mitohondrial’noj disfunkcii. EH. S. Bel’skih, V. I. Zvyagina, O. M. Uryas’ev. Nauka molodyh - EruditioJuvenium. 2016, no. 1, pp. 104-112.
  5. YU. A. Vasyuk, K. G. Kulikov, O. N. Kudryakov et al. Vtorichnaya mitohondrial’naya disfunkciya pri ostrom koronarnom sindrome Racional’naya farmakoterapiya v kardiologii. 2007, no. 1, pp. 41-47.
  6. Ziganshina A. A. Gastrointestinal’nye proyavleniya mitohondrial’noj disfunkcii. Rossijskij vestnik perinatologii i pediatrii. 2016, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 38-42.
  7. Globa O. V., ZHurkova N. V., Kondakova O. B., et al. Klinicheskij polimorfizm mitohondrial’noj disfunkcii u detej [Clinical polymorphism of mitochondrial dysfunction in children]. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya [Modern problems of science and education]. 2008, no. 4, pp. 52-53.
  8. Leont’eva I. V., Alimina E. G., Zolkina I. A. et al. The clinical significance of carnitine metabolism in children with cardiomyopathy. Praktika pediatra [Pediatrician practice], 2012, vol. 4, № 2, pp. 74-79.
  9. Natalia Nieto, Mar´ia Dolores Mesa, Jos´eMari´a Lo´ pez-Pedrosa, M. Isabel Torres, AntonioRi´os, Mari´a Dolores sua´ rez, and A´ ngel Gil. Contribution of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids to Intestinal Repair in Protein-Energy Malnutrition. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, Vol. 52, No. 6 (June 2007), pp. 1485-1496 (C _ 2007) DOI: 10.1007/s10620-007-8100-9
  10. Giguere-Rich C, Mathew A, Reid E, Autore K, Guill MF. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2018 Jan;42(1):225-230. doi: 10.1002/jpen.1011. Epub 2017 Dec 13. Single-Center Experience with the Use of Teduglutide in Adult Patients with Short Bowel Syndrome.
  11. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2018 Apr 27. Pediatric Intestinal Failure: The Key Outcomes for the First 100 Patients Treated in a National Tertiary Referral Center During 1984-2017.
  12. Merras-Salmio L, Mutanen A, Ylinen E, Rintala R, Koivusalo A, Pakarinen MP. Use of an In-line Digestive Cartridge With Enteral Nutrition Improves the Weight Trajectory of 2 Children With Cystic Fibrosis Complicated by Another Medical Diagnosis. NutrClinPract. 2018 Apr;33(2):286-294. doi: 10.1002/ncp.10080.
  13. Syrov V. N., Hushbaktova Z. A., Komarin A. S., Abidov A. B., Pechenicyna T. V., Ariphodzhaeva F. A. EHksperimental’no-klinicheskaya ocenka ehffektivnosti primeneniya ehkdistena pri lechenii gepatita. EHkcpepimental’naya i klinicheckaya fapmakologiya 2004, Vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 56-59.
  14. Schnelder W.C., Hogeboom G. H. Ann. Rev. Biochem., 1956. 25. 201
  15. Praktikum po biohimii, 1989
  16. Leninger A. Fundamentals of biochemistry. Volume 3. Trans. from English Moscow, Mir, 1986, 368 p.
  17. Francoise Briet, Clare Twomey, and Khursheed N Jeejeebhoy. Effect of malnutrition and short-term refeeding on peripheral blood mononuclear cell mitochondrial complex I activity in humans. Am J ClinNutr. 1-3/ 2003;77:1304-11. Printed in USA. © 2003 American Society for Clinical Nutrition
  18. Bonnemains C, Feillet F. Diagnosis and management of hyperammonemia. ArchPediatr. 2009 Jun;16(6):634-6.

Full text is published :
Kamilova А. Т., Dustmuhamedova D. H., Levickaya Yu. V. Disorders of oxidative phosphorylationin the model of chronic enteral insufficiency and their correction. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2019;163(3): 65–69. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-163-3-65-69
Read & Download full text

1. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Rostov State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 344022, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2. Сlinical diagnostic center “Zdorovie”, 344011, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

Keywords: Chronic enteral insuffi ency, oxidative phosphorylation, mytochondria, phytoecdysteroid, ecdysten

Abstract: Radiofrequency ablation can achieve a significant reduction of simple liver cysts. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of RFA in various regimes on the wall of the liver cyst and adjacent tissue, and to define optimal exposure parameters. Materials and methods. An experimental study was performed by constructing of imitational models of a simple liver cyst (group № 1), a biliary cyst (group № 2), and a cyst with high electrical conductivity content (10% NaCl solution) -group № 3. The models were exposed to RFA in the range of temperatures from 50 to 92 °C with duration from 1 to 5 minutes. Then, the postablation changes of the preparations were assessed using histological examination. Results. In all groups, when heated, there was a lag of the temperature of the cystic medium compared with the temperature of the electrode. For models of group № 1, № 2, and № 3, the difference was 19.6 °C, 8.75 °C, and 3.8 °C, respectively. Coagulation necrosis was found in all preparations and was most pronounced in the surface layers of the tissue contacted with the heated medium. The absence of destruction of the adjacent liver tissue in group № 1 was found for RFA in regimes using 61-63 °C for 2 minutes; in group 2 - using 65-75 °C for 3 minutes; in group 3 - using 85 °C (for 2 minutes) or 53-55 °C (for 5 minutes). Conclusion. The destruction of all epithelial cells is achievable with RFA; however, the thermal range between total ablation and the thermal injury of adjacent healthy tissue is narrow. The introduction of 10% NaCl solution can increase the area of necrosis and makes possibility to control the temperature of the cyst. Achieving mild ablation with shallow penetration of necrosis is influenced by the volume and electrical conductivity of the cystic content, adequate control of the temperature in the cystic cavity, and dosed use of RFA power and exposure time.

• References total 23 ⇓ :: .
  1. Qi, X., Shao, H., Zhang, J. et al. Radiopharmaceutical study on Iodine-131-labelled hypericin in a canine model of hepatic RFA-induced coagulative necrosis. Radiol med (2015) 120: 213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-014-0433-9
  2. Kim PN, Lee Y, Won HJ, Shin YM. Radiofrequency ablation of hepatic cysts: evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2014 Jan;25(1):92-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2013.09.020.
  3. Rhim H, Kim YS, Heo JN, et аl. Radiofrequency thermal ablation of hepatic cyst. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2004 Jan;15(1 Pt 1):95-6
  4. Cherkasov M. F., Aboyan I. A., Pavlov S. V. et al. Primenenie modificirovannogo sposoba radiochastotnoj ablyacii v lechenii prostyh neparazitarnyh kist pecheni. 5 S’ezd hirurgov Yuga Rossii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem, tezisy: 18-19 maya 2017 g. FGBOU VO RostGMU Minzdrava Rossii. Rostov n/D., Izd-vo RostGMU Publ., 2017, P. 469.
  5. Kim SH, Lim HK, Choi D, et аl. Changes in bile ducts after radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: frequency and clinical significance. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2004;183: 1611-1617. 10.2214/ajr.183.6.01831611
  6. Park JS, Jeong S, Kim JM, et al. Development of Swine Benign Biliary Stricture Model Using Endoscopic Biliary RadiofrequencyAblation. J Korean Med Sci. 2016 Sep;31(9):1438-1444 https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2016.31.9.1438.
  7. Larssen T.B., Rorvik J., Horn A. et al. Biochemical and cytologic analysis of cystic contents in benign non-parasitic symptomatic hepatic cysts before and after ethanol sclerotherapy. Acta Radiol. 2004, Vol. 45, N5, P. 504-509
  8. Kochieva M. P., Bagmet N. N., Abdullayev A. G., Skipenko O. G. Treatment of biliary cysts of the liver and polycystic liver disease: a surgical view. RJGHC. 2010, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 30-37.
  9. Inayoshi A., Sawada T., Azuma K., Yagi Y. Three cases of nonparasitic liver cyst treated by intracystic instillation of acetic acid under ultrasonic guidance. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi. 1997, Vol. 94, N9, P. 627-631. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9311243
  10. Lee S, Seo DW, Paik WH, et al. Ethanol lavage of huge hepatic cysts by using EUS guidance and percutaneous approach. Gastrointest Endosc. 2014 Dec; 80(6):1014-21. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2014.03.037. Epub 2014 Jun 2.
  11. Plard L., Guedin P., Le Pennec V., Chiche L. Hepatic cysts: diagnosis and management. J. Chir. (Paris). 2008, Vol. 145, N3, P. 217-225.
  12. Rukovodstvo po hirurgii pecheni i zhelchevyvodyashchih putej. Pod red. A. E. Borisova. Vol I. SPb, «Predpriyatie EHFA», 2002, 250 p.
  13. Song H, Rhim H, Choi JB, et al. Radiofrequency thermal ablation of benign cystic lesion: an experimental pilot study in a porcine gallbladder model. J Korean Radiol Soc 2001; 44:571-576. Available at: https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:32058625
  14. Bean W.J., Rodan B. A. Hepatic cysts: treatment with alcohol. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 1985, Vol. 144, P. 237-241. doi: 10.2214/ajr.144.2.237
  15. Okano A., Hajiro K, Takakuwa H, Nishio A. Alcohol sclerotherapy of hepatic cysts: its effect in relation to ethanol concentration. Hepatol. Res. 2000, Vol. 17, N3, P. 179-184. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1386-6346(99)00067-4
  16. Dolgushin B. I., Kosyrev V. Yu. Radiochastotnaya termoablaciya opuholej. Moscow, Prakticheskaya medicina Publ., 2015. pp. 44-45.
  17. Coleman CC, Vennes JA, Posalaky IP, Amplatz K. Thermal ablation of the gallbladder. Radiology. 1991 Aug; 180(2):363-6. doi: 10.1148/radiology.180.2.2068297
  18. Friedman M, Mikityansky I, Kam A et al. (2004) Radiofrequency ablation of cancer. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 27:427-434. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-004-0062-0
  19. Lee JM, Han JK, Kim SH, et al. Comparison of wet radiofrequency ablation with dry radiofrequency ablation and radiofrequency ablation using hypertonic saline preinjection: ex vivo bovine liver. Korean J Radiol. 2004;5(4):258-65.
  20. Lee JM, Han JK, Kim SH, et al. Comparison of wet radiofrequency ablation with dry radiofrequency ablation and radiofrequency ablation using hypertonic saline preinjection: ex vivo bovine liver. Korean J Radiol. 2004;5(4):258-65. doi: https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2004.5.4.258
  21. Lee JM, Kim YK, Lee YH, et al. Percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation with hypertonic saline injection: in vivo study in a rabbit liver model. Korean J Radiol. 2003;4(1):27-34.
  22. Lu DS, Raman SS, Vodopich DJ, et al. Effect of vessel size on creation of hepatic radiofrequency lesions in pigs: assessment of the “heat sink” effect. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2002;178: 47-51. doi: 10.2214/ajr.178.1.1780047
  23. Aagaard BD, Wetter LA, Montgomery CK, Gordon RL. Heat ablation of the normal gallbladder in pigs. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1994;5:331-9

Full text is published :
Cherkasov M. F., Aboyan I. A., Aboyan M. E., Roshak B. V., Lemeshko S. I., Malikov L. L., Khanamirova L. Z., Buharbaev R. M., Melikova S. G. Reducing the size of the experimental liver brush using radiofrequency ablation. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2019;163(3): 70–76. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-163-3-70-76
Read & Download full text

1. Irkutsk Scientifi c Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (664033, Irkutsk, Russia)
2. Irkutsk Scientifi c Center for Surgery and Traumatology (664003, Irkutsk, Russia)
3. Irkutsk Regional Clinical Hospital (664049, Irkutsk, Russia)

Keywords: ---

Abstract: ------.

• References total 8 ⇓ :: .
  1. Iskra A. I., Lepehova S. A. Perspektiva ispol’zovanija biotehnologij dlja korrekcii pechenochnoj nedostatochnosti (obzor literatury) [The prospect of using biotechnology for the correction of liver failure (literature review)]. Bjulleten’ Vostochno-Sibirskogo nauchnogo centra Sibirskogo otdelenija Rossijskoj akademii medicinskih nauk - [Bulletin of the East-Siberian Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences], 2014, no.1 (95), pp. 112-119.
  2. Razumova M. S., Litvinova E. S., Bystrova N. A., Chueva T. V. Metabolicheskaja aktivnost’ kul’tural’noj zhidkosti ksenogennyh, allogennyh gepatocitov i fibroblastov v uslovijah jeksperimental’nogo ostrogo tetrahlormetanovogo porazhenija pecheni [Metabolic activity of culture fluid of xenogenic, allogeneic hepatocytes and fibroblasts under conditions of experimental acute tetrachloromethane liver damage]. Kurskij nauchno-prakticheskij vestnik Chelovek i ego zdorov’e - [Kursk Scientific and Practical Gazette Man and his health], 2016, no. 2, pp. 74-80.
  3. Ramachandran A. Jaeschke H. Mechanisms of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity and their translation to the human pathophysiology. J. Clin. Transl. Res. 2017 Feb;3.(Suppl 1). pp. 157-169. doi: 10.18053/jctres.03.2017S1.002.
  4. Tang D. Wang F. Tang J. et al. Dicranostiga leptopodu (Maxim.) Fedde extracts attenuated CCl4-induced acute liver damage in mice through increasing anti-oxidative enzyme activity to improve mitochondrial function. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Jan;85. pp.763-771. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.097. Epub 2016 Dec 4.
  5. Lepehova S. A. Sanogenez pechenochnoj nedostatochnosti pod vlijaniem ksenotransplantacii kletok pecheni i selezenki (jeksperimental’noe issledovanie). Avtoreferat Diss. dokt. biol. nauk [Sanogenesis of liver failure under the influence of xenotransplantation of liver and spleen cells (experimental study). Abstract Dr. biol. sci. diss.]. Irkutsk, 2010, 47 p.
  6. Avtandilov G. G. Morfometrija v patologii. [Morphometry in pathology]. Moscow, Medicine, 1973. 248 p.
  7. Fisher A. Fiziologija i jeksperimental’naja patologija pecheni [Physiology and experimental pathology of the liver]. Budapest, 1961. 230 p.
  8. Sprejs I. F., Alferova M. A., Mihalevich I. M., Rozhkova N. Ju. Osnovy prikladnoj statistiki (ispol’zovanie Excel i Statistica v medicinskih issledovanijah): uchebnoe posobie [Fundamentals of applied statistics (use of Excel and Statistica in medical research): study guide.]. Irkutsk, RIO GIUV, 2006, 71 p.

Full text is published :
Lepekhova S. A., Goldberg O. A., Prokop’ev M. V., Kurgansky I. S., Kireeva V. V., Inozemcev P. O., Apartsin K. A. Effect of toxic liver damage on structural changes in mitochondria and intracellular organelles. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2019;163(3): 77–80. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.31146/1682- 8658-ecg-163-3-77-80
Read & Download full text