1. Moscow research cancer Institute. P. A. Herzen-branch of the national medical research radiological center of the Ministry of health of Russia (Moscow, Russian Federation)

Keywords:chronic inflammation, tumorigenesis, pro-oncogenic mutations, microsatellite instability, Nuclear factor of kappa light gene polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells (NF-κB), MicroRNAs, tumor necrosis factor, miR-155, Helicobacter pylori

Abstract:The interplay between chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis has been widely discussed. Chronic inflammation induces premalignant changes in tissues (tissue metaplasia, atrophic changes, etc.) and promotes local tumor invasion, metastatic spread and tumor progression. Chronic inflammation can also induce changes of the DNA, promoting accumulation of pro-oncogenic mutations, which results in development of specific tumor environment as well as selection of chemo- and radioresistant tumor cells. Suppression of innate and acquired immunity caused by chronic inflammation also promotes tissue changes, increasing the likelihood of tumor development. The synergistic action of all above mentioned factors is implicated in development of multiple malignant neoplasms in a variety of organs. In this article the intricate interplay between chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis in various organs and organ systems is discussed. The understanding of these processes is of greatest importance, especially in gastroenterology, caused by relative prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases and peptic ulcer disease. Further understanding of these processes can help further improve the diagnostic and treatment approaches to malignant tumors, as well as prevention of inflammation-induced tumor progression.

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Full text is published :
Saribekyan E.K., Zubovskaia A.G., Shkurnikov M.Yu. CHRONIC INFLAMMATION OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND CARCINOGENESIS. BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE RELATIONSHIP. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology Journal. 2018;152(04):76-82
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1. NMIC Oncology. N. N. Blokhin” Of the Russian Ministry of Health (Moscow, Russian Federation)

Keywords:gastric cancer, endoscopic ultrasound examination

Abstract:Gastric cancer occupies the 5th place in the structure of total cancer incidence worldwide. In 2015, Russia diagnosed about 35 thousand new cases of rye. Mortality from this disease and its complications remains high. Numerous studies conducted in different countries of the world have shown that the dominant role among all anatomical forms of gastric cancer is played by endophytic tumors (more than 65% of all detected cases), which are the most difficult to diagnose. Even with the latest diagnostic tools, it is often not possible to obtain enough information to clearly speak in favor of the existence of an intra-neoplastic process. Optimization of diagnosis of gastric cancer continues to be one of the important problems of Oncology. The absence of changes in the mucous membrane, usually makes it impossible to determine the boundaries of the standard endoscopic and radiological methods. The possibilities of standard ultrasound examination of the stomach wall, and especially the esophagus wall, are also limited. The most promising in terms of complex diagnosis of intramural and lymphogenic prevalence of tumor process is the use of endoscopic ultrasound.

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Belyaeva T.V., Ibraev M.A., Kuvshinov Yu.P., Melikhova O.A. THE ROLE OF COMPLEX ENDOSCOPIC AND ENDOSONOGRAPHIC STUDIES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PROXIMAL GASTRIC CANCER. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology Journal. 2018;152(04):83-88
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1. North-Western state medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov (St. Petersburg, Russian Federation)
2. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University” (Novgorod, Russian Federation)
3. St Petersburg University (St. Petersburg, Russian Federation)
4. Institute of Toxicology of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency (St. Petersburg, Russian Federation)

Keywords:chronic liver disease, intrahepatic cholestasis, Remaxol, viral hepatitis, metabolic hepatitis, toxic hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, hepatoprotective effect, anticholestatic action

Abstract:Aim. To investigate the impact of infusion therapy with Remaxol® on liver function in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis in chronic liver diseases (metabolic, drug, alcoholic hepatitis, chronic hepatitis B, C, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, cross autoimmune syndrome). Subjects and methods. 102 patients aged 25 to 80 years, with intrahepatic cholestasis syndrome with chronic liver diseases different etiology were examined. Patients of the main group (n = 68) in the complex therapy received an infusion hepatoprotector Remaxol® daily intravenously drip 400.0 ml once a day for 11 days. Patients of the comparison group (n = 34) in the complex therapy received lyophilizate to prepare a solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration of ademetionine 400 mg diluted in the original solvent. Results. Infusion therapy with Remaxol® for chronic liver diseases of various etiologies (viral, metabolic, toxic, autoimmune), with intrahepatic cholestasis promotes: regression of the main clinical syndromes (pain abdominal from 68% to 25%, dyspeptic, 80% to 26% asthenic from 92% to 52% (p <0.05), cholestatic from 100% to 24% (p <0.05). A statistically significant difference in the dynamics of cholestasis was demonstrated by the change in the GGT value between the groups studied: the relative values of reduction in GGT levels in the patients of the main group were 38% compared to 19% in the comparison group patients (p <0.05). In the patients of the main group, the level of total cholesterol was reduced in dynamics from 10,10 ± 1,20 to 6,23 ± 0,31 mmol/l (p <0,001); improvement of protein-synthetic liver function; an increase in the absolute number of lymphocytes from 1.05 ± 0.08 x 109/l to 1.53 ± 0.06 x 109/l, (p <0.05). Conclusion. The effectiveness of Remaxol® in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis indicates the role of hepatoprotective, anticholestatic, cytoprotective effect of antioxidant therapy in restoring the functional status of the liver, immunoreactivity cells, as well as the presence of a lipid-regulating effect of the drug.

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Full text is published :
Stelmakh V.V., Kovalenko A.L., Kozlov V.K. EFFICIENCY OF THE PREPARATION “REMAXOL, SOLUTION FOR INFUSIONS” IN THE THERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH THE SYNDROME OF INTRAUPECULAR CHOLESTASIS IN CHRONIC DIFFUSION DISEASES OF THE LIVER. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology Journal. 2018;152(04):89-98
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