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CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY

    1. Branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences” (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation)
    2. Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “Novosibirsk State Medical University” Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation)
    3. Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre RAS (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
    4. Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
    5. Non-State Healthcare Institution «Road Clinical Hospital on Novosibirsk-Main station» of Russian Railways Joint stock company (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation)

    Keywords:gastric cancer, polymorphism, rs1800795, rs16944, IL6, IL1B, pepsinogenes, H. pylori

    Abstract:Background: Genetic polymorphism of some inflammatory cytokines is associated with the risk of developing specific, H. pylori-associated diseases, including gastric cancer (GC). Aim: To study the genotypes and alleles frequencies of polymorphism 174G / C (rs1800795) of the IL6 gene and polymorphism -511C / T (rs16944) of the IL1B gene, as well as their association with biomarkers of atrophy in patients with GC in the clinical «case-control» study. Materials and methods: 80 patients with GC (45 mails and 35 females with an average age of 61.0 ± 13.4 years) from two medical centers were studied. In the control, DNA samples from 87 subjects were matched by sex and age from the base of the multicenter cohort study HAPIEE. DNA was isolated from venous blood using phenol-chloroform extraction. DNA samples were genotyped according to published methods. Serum samples were tested using a diagnostic kit for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to determine the levels of pepsinogen I (PGI), PGII, PGI/PGII ratios, gastrin-17 and IgG antibodies to H. pylori. Results: In the general group, association of polymorphisms of 174 G/C of the IL6 gene and the -511C/T gene of the IL1B gene with the GC was not found. However, in women, the frequency of the G/G genotype of the IL6 gene was 2 times higher in the group with G/C than in the control (p=0.03). In patients with corpus atrophy, the G/G genotype was revealed twice as often as homozygous C/C variant of the IL6 gene (p=0.002). In patients with GC, the genotype with a rare T allele (C/T + T/T) of the IL1B gene was significantly more frequent than the common homozygous C/C variant (p=0.03). The rare homozygous T/T genotype was significantly less frequent in patients with GC and no signs of corpus atrophy (PGI >30 μg/l): 11.3% vs 47.2% (C/T genotype) and vs 41.5% (genotype C/C) (p <0.001). Conclusions: The received data allow assuming the possible connection of studied polymorphisms with the formation of a cancer phenotype of the gastritis, which requires further study of their significance (weight) in the GC riskometry.

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    Full text is published :
    Belkovets A.V., Kurilovich S.A., Maksimov V.N., Ragino Y.I., et al. POLYMORPHISM OF THE GENES OF INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IL6 AND IL1B IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC CANCER IN A CLINICAL CASE-CONTROL STUDY. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology Journal. 2018;152(04):09-17
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    1. Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, named after A. S. Loginov Moscow Healthcare Department (Moscow, Russian Federation)

    Keywords:transient fibroelastometry of the liver, M-sensor, XL-sensor, liver fibrosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, body mass index

    Abstract:The purpose of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of transient liver fibroelastometry (TLF) in the determination of the stage of liver fibrosis (LF) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity using XL- and M-sensors. Materials and methods: 110 patients with NAFLD were examined at different stages of the disease at the age of 29 to 82 years. The average BMI is 30.35 ± 5.35. The diagnosis is based on standard laboratory and instrumental data, assessment of the degree of steatosis depending on the stage of ultrasound and liver fibrosis on device for noninvasive determination of the degree of liver fibrosis and using XL and M sensors, using a puncture liver biopsy. Results: In patients with NAFLD and BMI more than 31.5 kg / cm2, when performing an M-sensor study, the number of studies with IqR> 30% (with low reliability) was more than 80%. In patients with NAFLD and BMI more than 31.5 kg / cm² when performing an XL-sensor, the number of studies with IqR> 30% was 4%. The sensitivity of the method ranges from 0.73 at the stage of F 2-3 on the METAVIR scale and 0.89 at F4, the specificity from 0.7 at F2-3 to 0.77 at F4. AUROC as a whole 0,8 that speaks about good reliability of a method. Conclusions: patients with NAFLD and BMI 30.35 ± 5.36 recommended to perform TLF using an XL-sensor. A BMI of 39 kg / m² or more is an absolute limitation for performing TLF.

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    Vinnitskaya E. V., Keiyan V. A., Sandler Yu.G., Khaimenova T. Yu., Polukhina A. V. ESTIMATION OF EFFICIENCY OF TRANSIT FIBROELASTROMETRY IN NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH OBESITY. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology Journal. 2018;152(04):09-17
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    1. State geriatric center (Netanya, Israel)
    2. Republican scientific and practical center of children’s surgery (Minsk, Belarus)

    Abstract:Objective: to determine the possibility of screening for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by size and shape of the stomach gas bubble on the direct X-ray of the chest and abdomen. Methods and results. One hundred seventy-five radiographs of patients of different ages were analyzed by the random sampling method. The shape of the stomach gas bubble (SGB) was determined and its width and height were measured. Results. SGB was detected in all pediatric patients. It was absent in 18% of adults (16-64 years) and in 25% of the patients aged 65 years and older. In majority of patients fundus had a shape of a dome with the level of liquid content. In 6% of patients the SBG was deformed with an angular protrusion in the shape of the «bird beak» pointing in the direction of the spine. The more advanced was the age of a patient the more increase in volume of SBG we observed in the sagittal plane. In the direct projection, age had no significant influence on the average size of the SGB (except without SGB). There was a significant increase in the width of GBS in older children (7-15 years) compared to children aged 1-6 years. In adults, there was a tendency to have smaller width and height of SBG (P> 0.1). In elderly, we found a significant decrease in these parameters. Discussion. The size of the dome of SGB, which is a «trap» for the air, depends on the stability of its walls. In GERD the intraperitoneal portion of the lower esophageal sphincter is weakened and is opened either temporarily under the pressure, or permanently. In such cases, the dome is deformed with the formation of a corner protrusions, and reduced in size. Conclussion. The absence of GBS, or the decrease of its size, or the angular protrusion of its inner wall on the x-ray suggest the possibility of GERD. Further research is needed to determine the normal width and height of GBS.

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    Full text is published :
    Levin M. D., Jin I. G. SCREENING OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE BASED ON THE SIZE OF THE GASTRIC GAS BUBBLE. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology Journal. 2018;152(04):23-29
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